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Brownville is a town in Piscataquis County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,250 at the 2010 census. Brownville includes the villages of Knight's Landing and Brownville Junction, near which passes the 100-Mile Wilderness of the Appalachian Trail. ==History== The area was a part of the Waldo Patent purchased by Moses Brown and Major Josiah Hill of Newburyport, Massachusetts, who initiated its settlement () . In 1806, they built a dam and watermills on the Pleasant River. First known as township T5 R8 NWP, the community was organized in 1819 as Brownville Plantation. It was named for Francis Brown (nephew of Moses Brown), who was a mill owner and trader from Newbury, Massachusetts. In 1824, the town was incorporated as Brownville. Early settlers were given to clear and cultivate. Farms produced hay, oats, potatoes, wheat and garden vegetables. Water power from the Pleasant River attracted industry, including sawmills, clapboard mills, gristmills, a shovel handle factory and a carriage factory. Quarries were established to extract the region's abundant slate, the quality of which won first prize at the 1876 Centennial Exposition. In 1843, the Bangor & Piscataquis Slate Company opened with 60 employees. It sent out 8,000-12,000 squares of roofing slate annually. The Merrill Quarry opened in 1846 with about 80 employees, producing 30,000 squares of roofing slate annually. The Highland Quarry opened with Welsh employees, recruited because they were accustomed to working in slate. The last quarry closed in 1917.〔 〕 Iron ore was discovered at the foot of Ore Mountain. The Katahdin Iron Works was established in 1843, when roads were cut out and a blast furnace erected. A hotel and several houses were built for workers. Charcoal was made in 14 kilns, consuming 10,000 cords of wood per year. The company and land were sold in 1845, and the new owners operated it until 1856, the year it produced 2350 tons of iron. But shipping it to Bangor was expensive. The Bangor and Katahdin Iron Works Railway (B&KIW) was constructed to Brownville in 1881, then connected north to the Katahdin Iron Works in 1883. In 1889 the International Railway of Maine was constructed by its owner Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR), extending the CPR's transcontinental mainline east from Montreal, Quebec to Saint John, New Brunswick. The CPR line passed 3 miles north of Brownville where it crossed the B&KIW at a location that was named Brownville Junction. In 1891 the B&KIW merged into the Bangor and Aroostook Railroad (BAR) after the Katahdin Iron Works closed the previous year. 〔(History of the Katahdin Iron Works ) 〕 The BAR line as well as the CPR line west of Brownville now form part of the Montreal, Maine and Atlantic Railway. Local historian Bill Sawtell has documented many facets of the history of Brownville as well as the surrounding area.() Sawtell has published numerous books, with subjects such as Katahdin Iron Works, the Highland Quarry, the Bangor and Aroostook Railroad, and Penquis Valley High School basketball. Sawtell is also a guest lecturer at the local high school. File:Herrick House & Street Scene, Brownville, ME.jpg|Street scene in 1910 File:Congregational Church, Brownville, ME.jpg|Community Church c. 1905 File:View at Brownville, ME.jpg|B. & A. R. R. yard c. 1912 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brownville, Maine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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